تبیین ساختاری اضطراب سلامت بر پایه ترومای دوران کودکی: نقش میانجی حساسیت اضطرابی و اجتناب شناختی در زنان مراجعهکننده به مراکز بهداشت
کلمات کلیدی:
ترومای دوران کودکی, حساسیت اضطرابی, اجتناب شناختی, اضطراب سلامتچکیده
هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر، تبیین ساختاری اضطراب سلامت بر پایه ترومای دوران کودکی با توجه به نقش میانجی حساسیت اضطرابی و اجتناب شناختی در زنان مراجعهکننده به مراکز بهداشت بود.
روش و مواد: پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی ـ همبستگی و مبتنی بر مدلیابی معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری شامل زنان ۱۸ تا ۵۰ سال مراجعهکننده به مراکز بهداشت مناطق ۱ تا ۳ شهر تهران در زمستان ۱۴۰۴ بود. نمونه پژوهش شامل ۴۰۰ نفر بود که به روش نمونهگیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای گردآوری دادهها شامل فرم کوتاه پرسشنامه ترومای کودکی، سیاهه حساسیت اضطرابی، پرسشنامه اجتناب شناختی و سیاهه اضطراب سلامت بود. دادهها با استفاده از نرمافزارهای SPSS نسخه ۲۸ و Amos نسخه ۲۴ و از طریق ضریب همبستگی پیرسون، مدلیابی معادلات ساختاری و آزمون بوتاسترپ تحلیل شدند.
یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد مدل پژوهش از برازش مطلوبی برخوردار است؛ بهگونهای که شاخصهای برازش شامل RMSEA=0.044، CFI=0.932، SRMR=0.049 و χ²/df=1.88 در دامنه قابل قبول قرار داشتند. ترومای دوران کودکی اثر مستقیم مثبت و معناداری بر اضطراب سلامت داشت (β=0.317, p<0.001). همچنین حساسیت اضطرابی (β=0.231, p<0.001) و اجتناب شناختی (β=0.218, p<0.001) اثر مستقیم مثبت و معناداری بر اضطراب سلامت نشان دادند. ترومای دوران کودکی نیز اثر مستقیم مثبت و معناداری بر حساسیت اضطرابی (β=0.175, p<0.001) و اجتناب شناختی (β=0.121, p<0.001) داشت. نتایج بوتاسترپ نشان داد حساسیت اضطرابی (β=0.040, p<0.001) و اجتناب شناختی (β=0.026, p<0.001) نقش میانجی مثبت و معناداری در رابطه بین ترومای دوران کودکی و اضطراب سلامت ایفا میکنند.
نتیجهگیری: یافتهها نشان دادند تجارب آسیبزای دوران کودکی میتوانند هم به صورت مستقیم و هم از طریق افزایش حساسیت اضطرابی و اجتناب شناختی، اضطراب سلامت را در زنان مراجعهکننده به مراکز بهداشت تبیین کنند. بنابراین، طراحی مداخلات روانشناختی متمرکز بر کاهش حساسیت نسبت به نشانههای بدنی و اصلاح راهبردهای اجتناب شناختی میتواند در پیشگیری و کاهش اضطراب سلامت در زنان دارای سابقه ترومای کودکی مؤثر باشد.
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حق نشر 2025 Samira Ramezankhani, Elham Ghasemi, Mohsen Ghasemi (Author); Fatemeh Ghasempour; Masoome Tahari (Author)
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