Psychometric Properties and Standardization of the Maher Multiple Fluid Intelligence Test (MMFTI) in Students Aged 4 to 6
Keywords:
Psychometric properties, norming of the Multiple Fluid Intelligence Test (MMFTI), confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory factor analysisAbstract
Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties and standardization of the Maher Multiple Fluid Intelligence Test (MMFTI) in early elementary school students.
Methods and Materials: The sample consisted of 800 children aged 7 to 9 years, who were selected through purposive sampling. The required data were collected using the Maher Multiple Fluid Intelligence Test (MMFTI). To assess construct validity, exploratory factor analysis was conducted using the Varimax rotation method. The Kaiser criterion and scree plot were used to determine the number of factors. The results revealed the extraction of five factors for fluid intelligence in both groups: perception, reasoning, memory, attention, and verbal processing in the age group of 7 to 9 years.
Findings: Confirmatory factor analysis results showed that the perception component had a factor loading of 0.32, reasoning 0.49, attention 0.58, memory 0.55, and verbal processing 0.65, all of which were statistically significant. Additionally, the exploratory factor analysis of the test items showed that the means and standard deviations of the items in all subtests were acceptable in relation to the total test score, and the correlation between each item and the total test score was significant. The reliability of each item compared to the overall test reliability was also deemed acceptable. Accordingly, the Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the components of fluid intelligence were as follows: reasoning (0.89), perception (0.79), attention (0.85), memory (0.74), and verbal processing (0.92), indicating a desirable level of internal consistency for the MMFTI subscales.
Conclusion: Given the appropriate coefficients of construct validity and reliability for all components of fluid intelligence, the test can be used as a standardized assessment tool for children aged 4 to 6 in kindergartens.
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